![]() In the middle of the great curve of the Himalayan mountains lie the 8,000 m (26,000 ft) peaks of Dhaulagiri and Annapurna in Nepal, separated by the Kali Gandaki Gorge. The Karakoram are generally considered separate from the Himalayas. The Himalayas consist of parallel mountain ranges: the Sivalik Hills on the south the Lower Himalayan Range the Great Himalayas, which is the highest and central range and the Tibetan Himalayas on the north. See also: List of Himalayan peaks and passes Map of the Himalayas (including the Hindu Kush) This was also previously transcribed as Himmaleh, as in Emily Dickinson's poetry and Henry David Thoreau's essays. In western literature, some writers refer to it as the Himalaya. 'king of snow') or Parvateshwara ( Sanskrit: पर्वतेश्वर, lit. Other epithets include Himaraja ( Sanskrit: हिमराज, lit. Himavat ( Sanskrit: हिमवत् ) or Himavan Himavān ( Sanskrit: हिमवान्) is a Hindu deity who is the personification of the Himalayan Mountain Range. The name of the range is sometimes also given as Himavan in older writings, including the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata. The mountains are known as the Himālaya in Nepali and Hindi (both written हिमालय), Himāl (हिमाल) in Kumaoni, the Himalaya ( ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ་) or 'The Land of Snow' ( གངས་ཅན་ལྗོངས་) in Tibetan, also known as Himālaya in Sinhala (written as හිමාලය), the Himāliya Mountain Range ( سلسلہ کوہ ہمالیہ) in Urdu, the Himaloy Parvatmala ( হিমালয় পর্বতমালা) in Bengali, and the Ximalaya Mountain Range ( simplified Chinese: 喜马拉雅 山脉 traditional Chinese: 喜馬拉雅 山脉 pinyin: Xǐmǎlāyǎ Shānmài) in Chinese. They are now known as " the Himalaya Mountains", usually shortened to "the Himalayas". The name of the range hails from the Sanskrit Himālaya ( हिमालय 'abode of the snow' ), from himá ( हिम 'snow' ) and ā-laya ( आलय 'home, dwelling' ). The range varies in width from 350 km (220 mi) in the west to 150 km (93 mi) in the east. Its eastern anchor, Namcha Barwa, lies immediately west of the great bend of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. Its western anchor, Nanga Parbat, lies just south of the northernmost bend of the Indus river. Lifted by the subduction of the Indian tectonic plate under the Eurasian Plate, the Himalayan mountain range runs west-northwest to east-southeast in an arc 2,400 km (1,500 mi) long. The summits of several- Kangchenjunga (from the Indian side), Gangkhar Puensum, Machapuchare, Nanda Devi, and Kailas in the Tibetan Transhimalaya-are off-limits to climbers. Many Himalayan peaks are sacred in Hinduism and Buddhism. The Himalayas have profoundly shaped the cultures of South Asia and Tibet. Some of the world's major rivers, the Indus, the Ganges, and the Tsangpo– Brahmaputra, rise in the vicinity of the Himalayas, and their combined drainage basin is home to some 600 million people 53 million people live in the Himalayas. The Himalayan range is bordered on the northwest by the Karakoram and Hindu Kush ranges, on the north by the Tibetan Plateau, and on the south by the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The sovereignty of the range in the Kashmir region is disputed among India, Pakistan, and China. ![]() ![]() The Himalayas abut or cross five countries: Bhutan, India, Nepal, China, and Pakistan. The range has some of the Earth's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest over 100 peaks exceeding elevations of 7,200 m (23,600 ft) above sea level lie in the Himalayas. ə, h ɪ ˈ m ɑː l ə j ə/ Sanskrit: from Sanskrit himá 'snow, frost', and ā-laya 'dwelling, abode'), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. ![]() The Himalayas, or Himalaya ( / ˌ h ɪ m ə ˈ l eɪ. ![]()
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